PROJECT TIPS

HOW TO WRITE A PROJECT REPORT?

It is essential that you write a good project report to get a good grade. Even if you have done significant work, but have not been able to write well, then it will reflect poorly. It is important to demonstrate your ability to write clearly about the subject.

A GENERIC STRUCTURE OF PROJECT REPORT:

While the structure of the report may be different for different UG / PG programs / courses , typically the report should contain the following:

1. TITLE:

Convey area and scope of project.

Should not be too short or too long.

2. ABSTRACT:

Provides summary of the report.

Problem addressed.

Methodology used.

Findings.

Conclusions obtained.

Many researchers will read only the abstract of the report , and not the other

Chapters and hence it should be a self-contained one.

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:

Name of people who helped .

Dedications to any.

Any thanking to any firm or institutions.

4. TABLE OF CONTENTS:

Should list all materials following it, as well as any materials which precede it.

5. LIST OF TABLES:

Should have exactly the same captions as they appear above the tables in the text.

6. LIST OF FIGURES:

Should contain exactly the same captions, as they appear below the figures in the text.

7. LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS:

It should be the standard ones.

CHAPTER I :

INTRODUCTION:

· Highlight topic and importance.

· Underlying concepts.

· General principles

· Specifics.

“ INRODUCTION SHOULD LEAD THE READERS GENTLY FROM THE KNOWN TO UNKNOWN.”

CHAPTER II:

REVIEW OF LITERATURE:

· Information of work done on topic by previous researchers.

· Most of the examiners normally scan the references looking for important works in the field.

CHAPTER III:

METHODS AND MATERIALS / METHADOLOGIES:

· Description of experiments

· Data collection procedure.

· Statistical methods adopted.

“IT SHOULD BE MORE OR LESS LIKE AN INSTRUCTION MANUAL TO HE READER.”

CHAPTER IV:

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS:

· Conditions chosen.

· Statistical analysis.

· Tabulated forms.

· Graphs.

· Pie charts.

· Histograms.

CHAPTER V:

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS:

“THE MAIN OUTCOME OF THE REPORT IS BROUGHT INTO SHARP FOCUS IN THIS CHAPTER.”

THE FINDINGS SHOULD BE

· Short

· Concise.

· Clear.

· Easy for the reader to extract.

· Practical implementations.

· Recommendations of future research.

APPENDICES:

Supplementary information, there by not to cluster the main chapters.

The main things to be furnished in this appendices column are as below,

Eg:

· Experimental observations.

· Sample calculations.

· Computer programs.

· Questionnaire.

· Maps

· Specification of instruments.

References and bibliography:

References are works directly referred to or quoted from in the text of the report.

Bibliography is the list of works consulted or used for the project works.

IMPORTANT NOTES:

· Normally project report will contain the references and not the bibliography.

· References need to be cited in 2 different places, viz., (i) In the text of project report. (ii) At the end of the report in the chapter on “REFERENCES”.

TIPS:

CITATION IN THE TEXT:

All works (statements,conclusion,quotes,opinions etc.,) taken from other author’s work should be mentioned whether if the work is directly quoted or even if summarised.

FONT AND LAYOUT:

· TIMES NEW ROMAN.

· TIMES ROMAN.

· BOOKMAN OLD STYLE.

· PALATINO.

FONT SIZE:

* 12 FOR MAIN TEXT

* TITLES CAN BE MADE LITTLE LARGER.

LINE SPACING:

ONE AND HALF (1.5)

REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY:

SINGLE SPACED.

END TIPS:

All pages must be numbered consecutively as follows:

· LOWERCASE ROMAN NUMERALS (i,ii,iii….) for preliminary pages.

· ARABIC NUMERALS(1,2,3….) for body of project report.

· All tables,figures and equations should be numbered serially.

· Size of the project report: 60 to 80 pages.